When to use it
Use it to suggest an outing to a friend for the next day.
The sentence in English: “Shall we go to the park tomorrow?”
In “Shall we go to the park tomorrow?” ‘Shall’ comes before ‘we’ and makes a suggestion; ‘go to the park’ needs ‘to’, and ‘tomorrow’ goes last.
- Shall
- auxiliary verbshall · tense: present · modal verb; "Shall we…?" makes a suggestion
- we
- pronounpersonal pronoun, first person plural
- go
- verbgo · form: base form (infinitive without "to") · main verb after "shall"
- to
- prepositionpreposition of direction
- the
- determinerdefinite article
- park
- nounnoun
- tomorrow
- adverbadverb of time
The sentence in Urdu: “کیا ہم کل پارک چلیں؟”
In “کیا ہم کل پارک چلیں؟” the verb ‘چلیں’ is a subjunctive of چلنا (to go): with ‘ہم’ (we) it means ‘shall we go?’. The destination ‘پارک’ needs no postposition, and ‘کل’ comes before the place.
- کیا
- particlequestion particle; turns a suggestion into a question
- ہم
- pronoun1st person plural 'we'
- کل
- adverbhere 'tomorrow'; کل means both 'yesterday' and 'tomorrow'
- پارک
- nounmasculine noun 'park', the destination, without a postposition
- چلیں
- verbچلنا · mood: subjunctive · person: 1st · number: plural · subjunctive 'shall we go', a suggestion
What changes from one language to the other: English × Urdu
Urdu ‘کل’ means both ‘yesterday’ and ‘tomorrow’; the subjunctive shows it is tomorrow. English needs ‘to’ before the destination, Urdu does not.
Example conversation
— کیا ہم کل پارک چلیں؟
— Shall we go to the park tomorrow?
— ہاں، صبح چلتے ہیں۔
— Sure, let's go in the morning.